Abstract Deep learning-based intrusion detection systems (DL-IDS) have proven effective in detecting cyber threats.However, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks and environmental noise, particularly in industrial settings, limits practical application.Current IDS models often assume ideal conditions, overlooking noise and adversarial manipula
Community empowerment is one of the solutions to overcome the problem of poverty in an area.Community empowerment can be carried out by utilizing local potential and developing aspects and social capital.Based on the theory of the poverty circle, several factors cause poverty, including income levels, education levels, and the amount of consumption
Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential raw material that can be used in the synthesis (manufacture) of porous carbon stuffs.The properties of such porous carbon products are affected by the species of the raw material and the manufacturing process, among other things.This paper scrutinizes the related Wood Stick characteristics of lignocellulosic r
People describe sadness as "heartache." The link between sadness and physical pain such as heartache has been empirically proven; however, the mental foundations that support the connection between sadness and pain remain unclear.The present study hypothesized that the connection between sadness and specific physical pain is established by concepts